Commercial Studies Questions

Class 10

Special Notes:

● Full sentence has to be written

● In case of difference for 2 marks, write in tabular form with B.O.D

● In case of difference for 5 marks, answer in paragraph form with B.O.D

● Highlight the keywords

Stakeholders

Q 1. Distinguish between: [2]

i. Shareholders & Creditors

ii. Stakeholders & Shareholders

iii. Stakeholders & Customers

iv. Shareholders & Customers

v. Primary & Secondary Stakeholders

vi. External & Internal Stakeholders

Q 2. Distinguish Between:[5]

i. Stakeholders & Customers

Q 3. Name 3 internal stakeholders & 4 expectations of each.

Q 4. Name 3 external stakeholders & 4 expectations of each.

Q 5. Name 2 primary stakeholders & 4 expectations of each.

Q 6. Name 2 secondary stakeholders & 4 expectations of each.

Q 7. Define stakeholders and classify with examples.

Q 8. Write 4 expectations of each of the following stakeholders:

● General Public & Society

● Government

● Suppliers

● Creditors

● Investors

● Shareholder/Management

● Employees

● Competitors or Associates

● Media

Marketing and Sales

1. Define Marketing. [Traditional and Modern Concept]

2. Distinguish between marketing and sales.

3. Define Product.

4. Classify Product.

5. Distinguish between a product and service.

6. State 2 features of a product.

7. What do you mean by pricing?

8. What are the Objectives of Pricing?

9. State any 2 characteristics of service.

10. “Marketing is customer oriented whereas selling is product oriented.” –Explain.

11. State 2 objectives of Marketing.

Advertising and Sales Promotion

1. Define Advertising.

2. Explain its importance.

3. State its merits under the following categories- a. Producers and Traders. b.Customers. c.Society.

4. Define Advertising Agency.

5. Explain 5 of its features.

6. Define social advertising media with examples.

7. Define Sales Promotion.

8. What are the techniques of sales promotion?

9. Distinguish between Advertising and Sales Promotion.

11. What do you mean by premium/bonus offer?

12. What is clearance sale?

13. “Advertising is a social waste” – Justify.

14. Define- (I) Window display (II) Brand Promotion (III) Trade Mark

Revenue and Capital Expenditure

1. Define capital expenditure with examples.

2. Define revenue expenditure with examples.

3. Define deferred expenditure with examples.

4. Distinguish between capital and revenue expenditure.

5. Distinguish between capital and revenue receipts.

6. Justify with reasons whether the following is capital/revenue/deferred revenue expenditure:

a. An amount of Rs. 10,000 spent for the incorporation of a company to start a business.

b. Rs. 1,500 paid for installation of a new machine.

c. Annual insurance premium paid for the factory.

d. Rs. 10,000 paid for overhauling of second hand machinery.

e. Legal charges of Rs. 5,000 paid for purchase of freehold land.

f. Purchase of patent right.

Consumer Protection

1. State 5 features of the consumer protection act.

2. Explain the following:

a. Right to safety

b. Right to be informed

c. Right to heard

d. Right to seek redressal

e. Right to choose

3. What is consumer exploitation? Write about 5 of its types.

4. State the importance of consumer awareness.

5. What do you mean by unfair trade practices?

6. Who is a consumer?

Fundamental Concepts of Cost

1. Define cost.

2. State different elements of cost with examples. [Refer to Pg-115]

3. Distinguish between:

a. Direct & Indirect cost.

b. Fixed and Variable Cost.

c. Controllable and Uncontrollable cost.

d. Product and period cost.

e. Shut down and Sunk cost.

f. Historical and replacement cost.

4. Write short notes on: (Definition and Examples)

a. Semi Variable Cost

b. Outlay/Actual/Pocket Cost

c. Opportunity Cost

d. Research and Development Cost

5. Define overheads. Classify overheads with examples.

Budgeting

1. Define Budget.

2. Distinguish between Budgeting and Forecasting.

3. Explain the utility of budget.

4. Write short notes on: Master Budget and Cash Budget.

5. Distinguish between:

a. Production and Material Budget

b. Factory and Administrative Overheads

c. Production and Sales Budget

6. “Budgets are very useful for management” –Justify.

7. Why is a Master Budget also known as a summary budget?

8. Explain any 5 types of budget. (Cash,Master,Production,Sales and Material budget)

9. What is budgetary control?

10. Classify budgets.

Striving for a better environment

1. What are the features of the environment protection act, 1986?

2. State the roles/functions of CPCB.

E-commerce

1. Define E-commerce.

2. Distinguish between Traditional and Ecommerce [Both in tabular form(2) and paragraph form(5)]

3. Explain the advantages of Ecommerce over Traditional commerce.

4. What is E-tailing? Give examples.

5. What is E-advertising?

6. Define E-marketing.

7. State 2 features of E-marketing.

8. What is e-security?

9. What is ERP?

10. What are the modules of ERP?

11. What is CRM?

12. What is SCM?

13. Explain:

a. Cookie

b. Web Banner

c. Pop up

14. Give 2 types of e-advertising.

Banking

1. Define E-banking.

2. Define Net-Banking.

3. Define online banking.

4. Define mobile wallet.

5. State 4 features of NEFT & RTGS.

6. Distinguish between:

a. NEFT & RTGS

b. Debit & Credit Card

c. Commercial & Central Bank

7. Explain 5 important functions of Central Bank.

8. What is EFT?

9. Define:

a. CBS

b. SMS Alert

10. What is IMPS?

11. What is False Accounting Fraud?

12. Explain the steps to be taken to prevent false accounting fraud?

13. What is Cyber Fraud?

14. Explain 5 precautions to be taken while using debit and credit card.

Recruitment, Selection and Training.

Chapter Summary:

● Meaning of recruitment

● Sources of Recruitment(Internal and External)

● Merits and Demerits of Internal and External Sources of recruitment

● Meaning of Selection

● Steps in selection process

● Types of Selection tests

● Meaning of Training

● Objectives of Training

● Methods of training: On-the-job and Off-the-job)

Questions:

1. Define recruitment.

2. Distinguish between recruitment and selection.

3. Why is Recruitment a positive process and selection a negative process?

4. Explain the merits and demerits of internal and external sources of recruitment.

5. Distinguish between internal and external recruitment.

6. What is Application Blank?

7. Give 2 advantages of group discussion.

8. Give 2 disadvantages of interview.

9. Define selection test.

10. What are the different types of selection tests?

11. What are the merits and demerits of selection tests?

12. Merits of campus interviews.

13. Discuss the merits of internal sources of recruitment over external sources.

14. Explain the steps involved in the selection process.

15. What are the different methods of recruitment?

16. What is dexterity test?

17. What is vestibule training?

18. What are the different methods of training (On the Job and Off the Job)?

Sources of Finance

Chapter Summary:

● Meaning of Capital Market.

● Any 5 functions of Capital Market.

● Sources of raising capital: Long Term and Short Term.

● Meaning of Shares

● Types of Shares( Preference and Equity)

● Meaning of Debentures

● Distinguish between Shares and Debentures

● Distinguish between Equity and Preference Shares

● Meaning of Cash Credit, Overdraft and Discounting of Bills

● Distinguish between Cash Credit and Bank Overdraft.

Questions:

1. Distinguish between shares and debenture.

2. Distinguish between equity and preference shares.

3. Discuss the different sources of capital.

4. Distinguish between Cash Credit and Bank Overdraft.

5. What is discounting of bills?

6. Mention 3 sources of Long term capital and 3 sources of Short term capital.

Logistics and Insurance

Chapter Summary:

● Meaning of Logistics and its classification.

● Definition of Transportation

● Modes of Transportation(Land, Air, Water)

● Merits and Demerits of each mode of transportation.

● Meaning of Warehousing.

● Importance of Warehousing.

● Types of Warehouses- Private, Public, Bonded and Cold Storage.

● Definition of Insurance.

● Types of Insurance

Questions:

1. State the meaning of Logistics

2. What are the different modes of transportation?

3. Discuss the merits and demerits of rail transport over road transport.

4. Discuss the merits and demerits of air transport and water transport.

5. What is bonded warehouse?

6. Distinguish between public and private warehouse.

7. Define Insurance.

8. Discuss the following principles of insurance:

i) Utmost Good Faith

ii) Insurable Interest

iii) Principle of Indemnity

iv) Doctrine of Subrogation

v) Causa Proxima

vi) Contribution

vii) Mitigation Of Loss

9. Discuss the imp./benefits of insurance to:

i) Businessmen

ii) Public

iii) Country/Society

iv) Government

10. Distinguish between Life insurance and general insurance.

11. Discuss any 3 types of general insurance.

12. Describe the commodities for which air transport is suitable.

13. Distinguish between public and private transport.

14. Discuss the advantages of bonded warehouses to importers.

15. Discuss the functions of warehouse.

Industrial Relations, Trade Union and Social Security

Chapter Summary:

● Meaning of Industrial Relations

● Objectives of Industrial Relations

● Meaning of Trade Unions

● Functions of Trade Unions

● Meaning of Social Security

● Meaning of Provident Fund, Gratuity, Pension, Group Insurance and Maternity Benefits.

Questions:

1) Define Industrial Relations

2) What are the objectives of industrial relations?

3) Define Trade Unions.

4) Functions of Trade Unions

5) Define Social Security.

6) Define Social Insurance.

7) Diff. between Provident Fund and Gratuity.

8) What is Group Insurance?

9) What is NPS?

10) Define:

i) Gratuity

ii) Provident Fund

iii) Pension

iv) Group Insurance

v) NPS

Final Accounts

Questions:

1) Define Contingent Liabilities with examples.

2) Distinguish between Trading and PL account.

3) Distinguish between PL account and Balance sheet.

4) Distinguish between Gross and Net Profit.

5) Distinguish between Fixed and Current Assets

6) Give 4 examples of liquid assets.

7) Define fictitious assets with examples.

8) State the features of:

a) Trading A/c

b) PL A/c

c) Balance Sheet

9) What do you mean by marshalling of Balance Sheet?

10) Difference between tangible and intangible assets.